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This free course gives you sample audio tracks, German grammar and culture lessons.
There are three kinds of verb prefixes in German :
a. inseparable,
b. dual, or
c. separable.
Separable prefixes are stressed in their pronunciation, while inseparable prefixes are unstressed.
a. Inseparable Prefixes :
be, ent, er, ge, hinter, miss, ver, zer
Ich verspreche nichts.
b. Dual Prefixes (separable and inseparable)
durch, über, um, unter, wider
The same verb can be separable and inseparable (the meaning changes) :
inseparable:
jmd. etw. unterstéllen
ich unterstelle ihm ein Verbrechen
separable:
sich únterstellen
ich stelle mich hier unter, weil es regnet
Note that the acute accent shows the stress (it must not be written).
c. Separable Prefixes
Heute ruft er seine Freundin an.
ab
an
auf
aus
bei
ein
fort
mit
nach
vor
weg
zu
zurück
zusammen
The only rule you really have to remember is this one :
German adjectives must provide case, gender or number information only if needed.
The adjectives take the definite article endings, except in the masculine and neuter genitive singular, where they end in -en.
After der msg., die fsg., das nsg., and eine fsg., the adjectives end in -e.
Otherwise, the adjectives end in -en.
Case, gender or number information is not considered as provided :
1. Information is not provided
a. The adjectives take the definite article endings.
1. Information is not provided
b. Except in the masculine and neuter genitive singular, where they end in -en.
2. Information is already provided
a. After der msg., die fsg., das nsg., and eine fsg., the adjectives end in -e.
2. Information is already provided
b. Otherwise, the adjectives end in -en.
German umlaut ö (oe) is pronounced like the French eu in deux.
ö |
zwölf |
French eu |
French deux |
German umlaut ü (ue) is pronounced like the French u in tu.
ü |
fünf |
French u |
French tu |